Introduction: Sustainable livelihoods represent a development planning approach that has received considerable attention in recent years as a means to achieve development goals and reduce poverty. One of the primary objectives of development projects among nomadic communities is the improvement of sustainable livelihoods, which is the central focus of this study.

Research Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the impacts of implemented projects in nomadic settlements of Darmian County from the perspective of sustainable livelihoods.

Research Methodology: This study is applied in terms of objective and employs a survey-based methodology. The data collection instrument was a researcher-developed questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of 347 nomadic household heads, selected based on Morgan's table. Subsequently, proportional quota sampling was applied across each nomadic settlement, followed by simple random sampling to select participants for the study. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software.

Geographical Scope of the Study: Darmian County is located between 59°28′ and 60°44′ east longitude and 32°33′ to 32°21′ north latitude. It borders Afghanistan to the east, Qaenat County to the north, Birjand County to the west, and Sarbisheh County to the south and southeast.

Findings and Discussion: The findings indicate that the impact of implemented projects across four dimensions of sustainable livelihoods—human capital, financial capital, natural capital, and physical capital—was assessed as moderate. However, the impact on social capital was found to be high.

Results: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the nomadic population in Darmian County requires greater educational services in terms of human capital and demonstrates strong willingness to participate in nomadic development programs with regard to social capital. In financial capital, due to the high costs of livestock farming, they require increased access to banking facilities and support from relevant organizations. With regard to natural capital, greater attention is needed to improve vegetation cover and water availability, which are essential resources for nomadic livelihoods. Finally, in terms of physical capital, improvements in welfare infrastructure and the establishment of local markets for selling their products are necessary.