Nomadic Territory Planning Studies

Nomadic Territory Planning Studies

Reflection of Nomadism in Iranian Ethnographic Films

Document Type : Original Article

Author
PhD of Art Research, Department of Advanced Studies of Art, School of Visual Arts, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Filmmakers and anthropologists have always been interested in nomadism as a way of life. The history of ethnographic cinema has long witnessed the recording of this lifestyle.
Purpose of the research: The current applied research examined the reflection of nomadism in ethnographic films. It also sought to identify the techniques of ethnographic films for contemporary filmmakers, highlight the main components of nomadism, and thus play an effective role in preserving this culture.
Methodology: A case study qualitative research method was used with an interpretive-analytical approach. Thus, in addition to the review of the literature, the current study conducted in-depth interviews with different people (Table 1). Purposeful and non-random sampling was used to select experts in art, geography, and culture or the audience who spent much time watching TV. Case studies included "Grass/1925", "Burning Poppy/1963", "People of the Wind/1976", and "Taraz/1988”, which were selected purposefully from the desirable cases.
Geographical area of research: The geographical scope of the study included the Zagros mountain range with its challenging paths and ups and downs, the branches of the Karun River making the roughest and most accident-prone routes in Yilaq and Qashlaq of the Bakhtiari tribe, including five main nomadic paths that connect the sub-braches and yurts to the main nomadic paths of Taraz, Hezar Cham, Kuh Sefid, Do Ab, Dezpart, and different areas.
Results and discussion: Science and technology are recently destroying rather than supporting the environment, pastures, roads, and nomadic paths. The livelihood problems and the penetration of urbanism into the lives of nomads have encouraged the young generation to leave their tribes and forget the culture of migration and nomadism.
Conclusion: The results obtained by the examination of the films indicated that the ethnographic filmmakers neither sought to produce scientific and artistic work nor emphasized a solid report. Ethnographic filmmakers tried to discover the meaning and display the internal and external ethnic beauties. These films aimed to portray nomadism and the resilient life of nomads who do not give in to the hardships of nature and life.
Keywords

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