Introduction: Due to its special geographical location, Iran is a land that has touched the nomadic phenomenon at the very beginning and is considered one of the most important nomadic regions in the world. The history of nomadism in Iran reaches more than 8000 years, and despite the decrease in their number throughout the history of the country and compared to the sedentary population, they are still known as the third most important community in the country and have their own unique economy. One of the prominent characteristics of Iranian nomads is the influence of their cultural manifestations in all the affairs of this country, so that the culture of Iran is a collection of the functioning of the nomadic cultures of the region.

Research methodology: based on the review nature of the research and using the method of collecting data and information in a documentary-library way and the author's scientific experiences, the descriptive-applied research method has been used to determine the numerical changes of the nomadic population of Iran.

Geographical area of research: The geographical scope of the current research is based on the results of the national census of the nomadic nomads of the country on the scale of Iran, which are distributed in all the provinces of the country, except for the Kurdistan province, in the form of the Ili territory or a part of it.

Results and discussion: The study of the country's nomadic population statistics from the Qajar period until now, which is mostly based on estimates, shows that the number and percentage of the nomadic population of Iran has been decreasing since the past and during the time of the first Pahlavi and Second, due to the policy of forced settlement (Takhte Qapu), their population share has decreased. For the first time in 1366, after the nationwide census of nomadic tribes of the country, official statistics of nomads were presented by the Statistics Center, based on these statistics, the nomadic population of Iran was equal to 180,223 households and 1,152,099 people. It has increased to 212,660 households and 1,186,830 people, respectively.



Conclusion: Nomads are scattered in 59% of the country's area, which includes 30 provinces out of the total of 31 provinces, and in the form of 104 clans and 560 independent clans, despite the decrease in the number and percentage of the nomad population from the Qajar period until now compared to the urban and rural population. According to the results of the nationwide census of nomadic nomads in Iran, the number of households and population of nomads has been increasing by 117.93% and 103.01%, respectively, during the years 1366 to 1387.