Nomadic Territory Planning Studies

Nomadic Territory Planning Studies

Critique of the documentary film Grass in Bakhtiari tribe from the perspective of ethnographic sociology

Document Type : R eview Article

Author
Bahram Nikbakhsh
Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction "Grass" is one of the first ethnographic documentaries, a film directed by Marianne Cooper, Shod Sack and American Harrison, made in 1304 AH (1925 AD).
Purpose of the research: The subject of this film is the visual narration of the Baba Ahmadi tribe migrating from the Bakhtiari tribe under the leadership of Haidar Khan and his son Lotfali as the main character, which is a type of field research with observation and participation.
Methodology The present study critiques sociological and film studies using the method of "ethnography" influenced by American romantic theory and compares it with Malinowski's theory in New Guinea. The research method is documentary and historical, and based on the content analysis, the film "Grass" is "interpretive".
Geographical area of research The study area is Koohrang, Lali and Masjed Soleiman counties. According to the grass film, more than fifty thousand men and women, along with a large number of cattle, started migrating from Khuzestan to Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari at a distance of more than 500 km in the spring (early May).
Results and discussion Based on the secondary analysis, the findings related to the film "Grass" were reviewed and critiqued, then by matching the findings and comparing it with the original contents of the film, its theme was critically reviewed and analyzed. Finally, while reviewing and criticizing the film, it was found that: "Lack of reflection" is evident in ethnography.
Conclusion Based on the "Emik" method in the ethnographic method, it can be said that Cooper and his colleagues viewed the events around them more from their own point of view than the nomadic people of Bakhtiari tribe. Also, based on the "ethical" approach (internal view of what is happening around), the theme of the film was criticized, because according to Georgel Pasad's view, active and participatory observation should always be formed in the field of research. It can also be said that the film "Grass" has a kind of "Orientalist" view (from the point of view of Edward Said), because "Orientalism" is a history of the East in a way that is preferred by Westerners.
Keywords
Bakhtiari tribe
ethnography
grass film
Cooper
Sak and Hariston
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Nomadic Territory Planning Studies
Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
autumn and winter
December 2022
Pages 31-38